Eyeware Including A Heads Up Display

ABSTRACT

Eyewear is provided including a frame, a visor attached to frame and a heads up display. The heads up display may be housed in the visor. The visor may be configured to be positioned in multiple positions relative to the pupil of a wearer&#39;s eye, and/or adjustably positioned so that the heads up display may be transitioned between positions within the line of sight of the wearer and out of the line of sight of the wearer. The heads up display may be configured to be controlled by a remote controller, e.g. a wrist watch. The heads up display may be monocular or binocular. The eyewear may also include an electro-active lens.

RELATED PATENTS AND APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/261,035, filed Oct. 28, 2005, and claims the benefit of provisional applications 60/623,946 filed Nov. 2, 2004, and 60/636,490 filed Dec. 17, 2004, all of which are hereby incorporated herein in their entireties by reference.

The following applications, provisional applications, and patents are incorporated by reference in their entirety: U.S. application Ser. No. 11/232,551 filed Sep. 22, 2005; U.S. Pat. No. 6,918,670 issued Jul. 19, 2005; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/183,454 filed Jul. 18, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/692,270 filed Jul. 21, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/687,342 filed Jun. 6, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/687,341 filed Jun. 6, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/685,407 filed May 31, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/679,241 filed May 10, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/674,702 filed Apr. 26, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/673,758 filed Apr. 22, 2005; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/109,360 filed Apr. 19, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/669,403 filed Apr. 8, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/667,094 filed Apr. 1, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/666,167 filed Mar. 30, 2005; U.S. Pat. No. 6,871,951 issued Mar. 29, 2005; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/091,104 filed Mar. 28, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/661,925 filed Mar. 16, 2005; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/659,431 filed Mar. 9, 2005; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/063,323 filed Feb. 22, 2005; U.S. Pat. No. 6,857,741 issued Feb. 22, 2005; U.S. Pat. No. 6,851,805 issued Feb. 8, 2005; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/036,501 filed Jan. 14, 2005; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/030,690 filed Jan. 6, 2005; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/996,781 filed Nov. 24, 2004; U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/623,947 filed Nov. 2, 2004; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/924,619 filed Aug. 24, 2004; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/918,496 filed Aug. 13, 2004; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/863,949 filed Jun. 9, 2004; U.S. Pat. No. 6,733,130 issued May 11, 2004; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/772,917 filed Feb. 5, 2004; U.S. Pat. No. 6,619,799 issued Sep. 16, 2003; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/664,112 filed Aug. 20, 2003; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/627,828 filed Jul. 25, 2003; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/387,143 filed Mar. 12, 2003; U.S. Pat. No. 6,517,203 issued Feb. 11, 2003; U.S. Pat. No. 6,491,391 issue Dec. 10, 2002; U.S. Pat. No. 6,491,394 issued Dec. 10, 2002; and U.S. application Ser. No. 10/263,707 filed Oct. 4, 2002.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Over the past decade, the miniaturization of semiconductor chips, sophisticated earphones, non-volatile solid-state memory, and wireless communication (including blue tooth, and other short-range wireless technologies) have ushered in a revolution in personal electronic components and audio listening devices that allows wearers to listen to music in a portable, hands-free manner. In addition, recent research and development has resulted in the development of accessories and features for eyeglasses such as, by way of example only: electro-active spectacle lenses which provide the wearer with variable focus capability, electro-active spectacle lenses that allow for a varying index matrix needed to correct higher order aberrations to create a supervision effect, electronic heads up displays that are associated with eye glasses, electrochromic lenses that change color and tint by way of electrical activation, and also the addition of audio and communication systems that are associated with eyeglasses. These new electronic eyeglass applications have created a significant need for a convenient, comfortable and aesthetically pleasing way to provide power to the eyeglass frame and lenses. More and more, the eyeglass frame is becoming a platform for associating and housing various electronic accessories.

Currently, there is no known way to electrify the eyeglass frame in a manner that provides a combination of pleasing aesthetics, comfort, convenience, and also allows for the proper ergonomics. While comfort, convenience and ergonomics are important, the proper fashion look of the eyeglass frame is what takes priority when the consumer makes a purchase decision. If the eyeglass frame is thicker or more bulky looking than normal, then the purchase decision can be impacted in a negative manner. In addition, if the eyeglass frame is heavier than normal, red inflamed sore spots will occur on either side of the bridge of one's nose or the top of the ears. In the case of active work or sports, such as, by way of example only, construction work, running, biking, walking, rowing, and horseback riding, the heavier eyeglass frames are, the more prone they are to slide down ones nose, and thus the alignment of the lens optics will not be optimal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present subject matter provides ate inventive solution, which addresses and corrects aspects of the foregoing needs. The present subject matter may do this in a manner that is allows for the eyeglass frames to continue to appear like conventional fashionable eye glass frames whether they be dress glasses, sport glasses or goggles, security glasses or goggles, sunglasses or goggles. It may also take the added weight of the power source off of the eyeglass frame and place this weight where it is barely noticed if at all. Finally, it may provide such advantages in an ergonomic and convenient manner.

According to first aspects of the invention, eyewear comprising an electronic docking station may be provided, whereby the docking station provides power to a docked electrical component.

According to further aspects of the invention, eyewear comprising a camera may be provided, whereby the camera is c plied by a remote controller.

According to further aspects of the invention, eyewear comprising a heads up display may be provided, wherein the heads up display is housed in a visor affixed to the eyewear.

Other aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the following drawings, although variations and modifications may be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the novel concepts of the disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention can be more fully understood by reading the following detailed description together with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference indicators are used to designate like elements.

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary eyewear system according to aspects of the invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system in which all enclosure contains both a power source and an electronic controller according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, including details of conductor connections, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 4 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system in which a controller and power source are connected directly to the frame temples according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 5 illustrates an enclosure including a power source according to further aspects of the invention,

FIG. 6 illustrates an enclosure including a power source and a controller according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary tether attached to eyewear frame according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 8 illustrates details of an edge connection using magnetic attraction according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 9 illustrates details of an attachment design whereby the temple contains conductive wiring according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 10 illustrates details of attachment of a tether using a clamp according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 11 illustrates another exemplary eye ear system including a magnetic connection to the frame temple or frame stem according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 12A-12D illustrate another exemplary eyewear system according to further aspects of the invention,

FIGS. 13A-13B illustrate another exemplary eyewear system, including an optical viewing visor, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 14A-14G illustrate another exemplary eyewear system including adjustable lenses, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 15 illustrates an electronic chain according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 16 illustrates an electronic chain with a pair of electronic reading glasses according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 17A-17D illustrate another exemplary eyewear system, including an electrical tether containing audio signals from a music player, according o further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 18 illustrates alternative configurations for breaking connections of eyewear such as shown in FIGS. 17A-17D, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 19A-19B illustrate further embodiments including one or more temple connectors, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 20 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, including audio connectors, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 21 illustrates an embodiments in which two electronic conductive buses or wires run along the inside wall of an electronic frame stem or temple according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 22 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, including a fan 2210 in the bridge of an electronic frame, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 23 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, including a self-contained electronic clip-on module, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 24 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system according to further aspects of invention.

FIG. 25 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, including an electronic device placed on the back portion of the electronic frame tether, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 26A-26B illustrate another exemplary eyewear system, including lights placed near the front of the frame, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 27A-27B illustrate another exemplary eyewear system, including an electronic docking station placed on the back portion of the electronic frame tether, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 28 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, where the back of the electronic frame tether forms a T shape, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 29 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, including an electronic device attached to the back of the electronic frame tether that may be controlled with a handheld remote controller, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 30 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, including a remote controller, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 31A-31B illustrate another exemplary eyewear system, including a camera that is controllable by a remote controller, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 32A-32C illustrate another exemplary eyewear system, including a clip on heads up display, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 33A-33D illustrate another exemplary eyewear system, including a clip on heads up display and/or camera., according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 34 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, including clip on monocular attachments, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 35A-35D illustrate another exemplary eyewear system, including a clip on visor outfitted with a micro-optical display and associated viewing optics, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 36A-36C illustrate another exemplary eyewear system, including a visor fitted with a micro-optical display and associated viewing optics and attached to a frame about a pivot point, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 37 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, including a 3D viewing arrangement, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIGS. 38A and 38B illustrate other exemplary eyewear systems, including a break-away magnetic hinge with electrical contacts, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 39 illustrates an exemplary reconfigurable eyewear system, including removable parts, according to further aspects of the invention.

FIG. 40 illustrates another exemplary eyewear system, including optical displays placed within a visor, according to further aspects of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

Hereinafter, various embodiments of the invention will be described. As used herein, any term in the singular may be interpreted in the plural, and alternately, any term in the plural may be interpreted to be in the singular.

Electro-active materials comprise optical properties that may be varied by electrical control. For example, transmission of light may be controlled to produce tinting or a sunglass effect. Further, the index of refraction may be electrically controlled to produce focusing and or prismatic effects. One class of electro-active material is liquid crystals. Liquid crystals comprise a state of aggregation that is intermediate between the crystalline solid and the amorphous liquid. The properties of liquid crystals may be controlled electrically, thermally, or chemically. Many liquid crystals are composed of rod-like molecules, and classified broadly as: nematic, cholesteric, and smectic.

There are several characteristics of electro-active materials which are useful. First, the optical characteristics may be generated by thin layers rather than by the curvature of conventional lenses which may require thick lenses). In addition, it is possible to stack (place in series optically) the electro-active layers in such a manner as to get an additive effect for the overall optical power created, including prism, conventional refractive error, or higher order aberration correction, in a thin structure.

Second, the optical characteristics may be actively controlled. For example, an electro- active lens may be designed to become darker (more tinted, and transmit less light) under bright light conditions. This tinting may be generated automatically by measuring the brightness using, for example, a photodiode or solar cell. Alternately, the tinting may be controlled by the decisions of the user by way of a remote control.

Similarly, the focus of an electro-active lens may be controlled electrically. The focus may be controlled automatically using, for example, a range finder, or a tilt meter, or triangulation based on the direction of both eyes. Alternately, the focus may be controlled by the decisions of the user by way of a remote control.

Third, electrical control creates the potential for correcting complex and high order visual defects. Conventional lenses are limited to addressing certain visual defects for various manufacturing reasons. However, an electro-active lens with a large number of individually addressable controlled small elements (for example, an array of very small pixels) may address very complex and high order visual defects. Further, the control may be simplified by creating individually addressable elements in arbitrary configurations, such as a series of concentric circles, or a series of approximately concentric ellipsis, or whatever customized configuration efficiently corrects the visual defect. The design, manufacture, and control of an array of small pixels has similarities with the manufacture of Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), Correction of complex visual defects such as higher order aberrations of the eye creates the possibility of “superhuman” visual acuity, wherein the vision is not limited by the lenses (either biological or corrective), but rather is limited by the inherent anatomy and physics of the photoreceptor cells in the retina. 20/10 vision or better is possible even before additional magnification is considered. Further, it is possible for an electro-active lens to act as a telescope or as a microscope.

Fourth, electrical control creates the potential for changing the optical characteristics of the electro-active lens as desired. For example, the optical characteristics of the lens may be varied over time to compensate for changes in the user's eye.

Fifth, there are ma types of electro-active element configurations. These configurations include: pixelated (typically a two dimensional array of pixels similar to a liquid crystal monitor on a computer), rotationally symmetric pixelated (for example, a set of concentric circles), and diffractive. Electro-active individually addressable pixelated diffractive lenses may use concentric ring shaped electrodes to product the diffractive lens power with varying index of refraction without physically machining, molding or etching diffractive elements into the surface of the lens.

The electro-active element may be used in combination with a conventional lens, wherein the conventional lens may provide a base refractive power. The electro-active element may be used in combination with a diffractive lens having a machined, molded, or etched surface or geometry. The electro-active element may be used in combination with a second electroactive element, wherein each may perform a different function. For example, the first electroactive element may provide focus, and the second may provide tinting or may serve as an electrically controlled aperture, or the second could cause a prismatic shift of the image to the healthy area of a retina of a deceased eye.

Shown in FIG. 1is a diagram of the invention showing a pair of eyeglasses which can be mechanically and electrically coupled to an electronic lens feature, by way of example only, an electro-chromic lens, electro-active lens, microoptical display or heads-up display affixed to a spectacle lens or frame. The invention is designed in such a way that the electrical power source, by way of example only, battery or miniature fuel cell, in certain embodiments is stored in a pocket or enclosure that is connected to a tether, cord, chain or Croakie, which is then connected to the eyeglasses. In other embodiments of the invention the accessory or feature is connected to the tether, cord, chain or Croakie, but no pocket or enclosure is utilized.

The invention improves upon the conventional eye glass chord, chain or Croakie by modifying it to allow for not only being uses as a means of securing the eye glass frames to ones head, but in addition to provide for a means away from the eye glass frame to house or support the power source, and of course electrical connections. The invention further provides for off loading certain electrical accessories and features from the eyeglass frame, as well as the electrical connections to be detachable and re-attachable to the eyeglass frame in a very convenient and user-friendly manner. In one application of the invention, electrical connections are provided within he temple pieces of the glasses that allow the electrical signal (digital or analog) to travel to the lens by way of electrical conductors located internally in the frame. In another inventive embodiment, the electrical connectors are located on the outer surface of the temple and applied, by way of example only, with an adhesive film. In this case, the connectors are built into the film and then the film is affixed to the temple or temples. In still other cases, the connectors are applied directly to the frame and then covered by the adhesive film, which then connects to the lens.

The invention shown in the figure provides an electronic enabling tether that contains a power source such that it can be securely hung from the rear of the frame temples and be allowed to extend down to the wearer's upper back, just below the neck. The power source, in some embodiments, can be further secured to the wearers back by: locating it under the shirt, using, by way of example only, an adhesive patch, Velcro applicator, snap, or clamp to adhere the unit to the wearer's back or shirt. Securing in this way prevents the unit from flopping around while the wearer is walking, jogging or engaged in some other athletic exercise or active work. When the invention is affixed to either one's body or shirt it should have enough length to allow the wearer to bend their head down at the neck without unduly tightening or pulling tautly on the audio unit. In most cases the power source is small and lightweight enough to be confined solely within the inventive tether. Therefore, it is not necessary to affix the enabling tether to one's body or shirt, etc.

In certain embodiments, elastic or rubber fittings are used to secure the inventive electronic enabling tether to the temple or temples. These embodiments may allow for a notch or grove to be placed or built into the temple. In certain other embodiments, the end of the temple or temples provides for a circular fastener, which may or may not be conductive, to which the invention is secured using, by way of example only, a clip.

The inventive electronic enabling tether is connected mechanically and electrically to the frames in a removable fashion. The inventive electronic enabling tether in certain embodiments utilizes a magnet connecting means. In other embodiments, no magnet is used. One such embodiment where a magnetic connector is used allows for the tether to be separated at some point near the mid-line of the tether for easy removal. In other embodiments, the tether is magnetically connected to the temple by way of a magnet attraction/receiving member that is built into the temple connection device, such as by way of example only, an elastic, plastic, or metal fastener that connects the tether to the temple or eyewear frame. In certain cases where power is being supplied to the eyewear, the magnetic connection device also serves as an electrical conductor to provide the electrical connection from the inventive tether to the eyewear (lenses and/or frame). The power source contained within the electronic tether can be either rechargeable or non rechargeable, in which case it will need to be readily accessible or removable within the tether to be changed from time to time.

The spectacle lenses can be constructed to contain a micro-optical display that is visible to the wearer, located in a fixed space in such a manner as to not obstruct the central vision area of the lenses. In this version, an audio unit is replaced or enhanced by additional electronic capability to supply video or informational data. For example, if the unit contained a cell phone or PDA, emails can be transmitted to the micro-optical display or telephone calls can be transmitted to earphones. In this second function, a microphone would have to be added into the spectacle frames near the nose bridge to allow for two-way communication. The inventive electronic enabling tether provides the needed power and the potential offloading capability from the eyewear of items that need to be electronically connected but do not need to reside on the eyeglass frame or lenses.

Thus, the invention contained herein solves a pressing and growing need of enabling electronic frames in a manner that allows for the proliferation of various electronic applications that are now being applied to eye wear. It does this while preserving the fashion aesthetics, comfort and ergonomics of the electronic eyeglasses as compared to the current popular conventional non-electronic eyeglasses.

When reading about the inventive embodiments disclosed herein, it should be pointed out that the words “stem or temple” have the same meaning in what is disclosed herein as do the words clip-on and snap-on. A clip-on can be either monocular (attaching to one eyewire or one half of the frame front) or binocular (attaching to both eyewires or the complete frame front). Further, the electronic tether can be affixed to hinged temples, hinge-less temples, the frame front, or for that matter anywhere on the eyewear. The term eyewear is meant to be interpreted broadly, and may include one or more of a frame, lens, tether, and/or clip-on. The tether is considered an electronic tether when an electrical connection is affixed to it or travels within it. A temple is considered to be an electronic temple if an electrical connection is affixed to it or travels through it. A frame is considered to be an electronic frame if an electrical connection is affixed to it or travels through it. A lens is referred to as an electronic lens when electricity affects the lens' optical power or tint. A lens can be that of a fixed /static lens or a dynamic focusing electronic lens. The word tether includes that of a Croakie, chord, chain, and connecting attachment from one temple to another. Clip-ons can be that of electronic when an electrical connection is associated with the clip-on or non-electronic when no electrical connection is associated with the clip-on. Tints can be that of an electro-chromic tint, a photochromic tint, or a fixed imbedded tint.

In FIG. 1, one embodiment of the present invention is shown. A pair of spectacles 100 is shown with a frame 110; attached to the frames is a tether 120, which connects to the frame near the rear of the stems 180, 181. A cross-sectional view through the center of the stem center 150 shows two conductors 160, 161 running through the frame stems or temples to provide electrical power from the power source inside the enclosure 130 to the electronic controllers 170, 171 located on each lens 140, 141. The details of attachment will be addressed in subsequent drawings. It should be pointed out that the enclosures can be made from any number of materials including but not limited to cloth, fabrics, plastic, or even foam rubber. In the case of cloth fabric, the access to the power source inside the enclosure may be via a Velcro™ strip cover. Such access or pockets are well known in the art. In the case of plastic, the enclosure may be done with a sliding door.

FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention where the enclosure 230 now contains both a power source and an electronic controller designed to control a pair of lenses. In such cases, depending on the type of electrically activated lenses being used, multiple electrical conductors 260 will need to be run through the tether and through the frame stems as shown in the detailed section of FIG. 2.

FIG. 3 illustrates yet another embodiment where by the controller/power source in the enclosure 230 is connected to the frame with an adhesive strip or conformal film 310, 310 on each side of the frame 110. The detail in FIG. 3 illustrates two conductors 360, 361 running inside the film 310 to provide power to the controllers 170, 171 on the lenses 140, 141. In this embodiment almost any frame may be used to provide power to the electro-active lenses.

FIG. 3 also illustrates how the two conductors may make contact with the controller on the lens. In this case, small holes are drilled near the contact points for the controller power on the lens. The wires are then placed in each hole and secured with as electrically conductive adhesive, such as, by way of example only, epoxy or acrylic filled with silver or other metallic flakes or powder. Such conductive adhesives are well known in the art. The wires are strain-relieved by virtue of the adhesion of the strip to the frame stem or temple (not shown in FIG. 3 for clarity of electrical attachment details).

FIG. 4 illustrates yet another embodiment where by the controller/power source in the enclosure 430 is connected directly to the frame temples 440, 441 to provide power to the controllers 170, 171 on the lenses 140,141. In this embodiment the tether 420 may need to be longer. This embodiment may be totally frame-independent and may be preferable for female wearers.

FIG. 5 illustrates the details of the enclosure described above where the enclosure 510 includes a power source or battery 530. A sliding door 520 allows for access into the enclosure for changing the power source. Electrical conductors 540, 541, 542, 543 provide power to the lenses through the tethers 570, 571. The tethers are secured to the housing of the enclosure with strain reliefs 560, 561 an that any tension in the tether is applied to the outer covering of the tether and not the conductors inside the tether. The power source is connected to terminal blocks 550, 551 that make connection to the four conductors. Finally, a clip 580 is attached to the enclosure to secure the enclosure to a part of the clothing such as the collar of a shirt. Many types of power enclosures for small electronic devices are known in the art, and while the inventor has illustrated an example herein, other designs are anticipated and would be considered within the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that the enclosures can be made from any number of materials including but not limited to cloth, fabrics, plastic, or even foam rubber. In the case of cloth or fabric the access to the power source inside the enclosure may be via a Velcro™ strip cover.

FIG. 6 illustrates the details of the enclosure described above where the enclosure 610 includes both a power supply 620 and a controller or control circuit 640. The power supply 620 provides power to the controller 640 via two conductors 630, 631. The controller then provides drive signals to the lenses via multiple conductor bundles 650, 651 that reside inside the tether sleeves 660, 661. The number of conductors in each bundle will depend on specific requirements for the particular type of electrically activated lenses that are placed in the frame.

FIG. 7 illustrates one embodiment for attaching the tether to the frame. In this case an elastic member 705, slides into a groove notched in the frame stein. Each side of the groove is connected to the controller 710 via small wires 720, 721. The sides of the grooves are isolated from one another with an insulator or gap (not shown). The tether 750 contains the two conductors 740, 741 coming from the power source, and on each side of the tether a contact point 730 is placed to establish electrical contact o each side of the grove. By shaping the tether such that its cross section is roughly triangular, proper polarity can be maintained upon connection. Further, the rubber nature of the elastic member and tether sleeve can act as a strain relief and avoid damage to the conductors inside the tether.

FIG. 8 illustrates a connection mechanism utilizing magnetic attraction. In this case the controller 810 is electrically connected to two contact points 820, 821 via ultra thin wires or ITO buses. The contact points are surrounded by a tiny steel plate (or other material having good magnetic properties) 830 with small cut-outs to avoid shorting out the two contact points. Meanwhile; the tether 860 has a small but powerful magnetic plate 840 attached to its ends. Within the magnetic plate are two holes that contain contact points 850, 851 to the two conductors within the tether. In this manner the attraction of the steel plate to the magnetic plate force both a physical and an electrical connection from the tether to the lenses. The front side of the magnetic plate can be painted or coated with a finish that is similar to the frame finish so that the connection is cosmetically acceptable to consumers. While this type of connection has been shown at the lens surface, a similar connection can be made at any point on the tether if so desired. It should also be pointed out that this inventive connection can also be located on the surface of the frame as opposed to that of the lens, in which case a further connection would be made to the lens. Moreover, while the shape was illustrated as a rectangle, other geometries could be used where appropriate and would be considered within the scope of the present invention. Also, the magnetic connection could be used exclusively as a mechanical connection to a tether as opposed to one that always provides electrical connectivity.

FIG. 9 illustrates an attachment design whereby the temple contains conductive wiring and is designed for a rimless mounting of the lenses. In this case the controller 910 has contact points 920, 921 that are semicircular and are located about the location for a through hole 930 that will be drilled through the lens as part of the mounting process. The frame temple 940 has a loop with two conductive contact rings 950, 951 that attach to each of the two conductive wires 970, 971 within the frame temple. Finally, a screw 960 can be used to hold the lens to the temple 980 of a rimless/hingeless frame made from high strength metals such as titanium (which is widely used in the fabrication of hingeless frame), while establishing the electrical connection. Either the hole in the lens can be tapped with threads or a small bolt (not shown) can be placed on the back of the lens for fastening. In the case of this embodiment, it is possible to conduct electricity over the full or partial length of the temple to the lens without having any connections a or through the frame hinges, as no hinges are needed.

FIG. 10 illustrates attachment of the tether using a clamp. Again, the controller 1010 has contact points on the lens 1020, 1021 near a flange 1030 on the outer perimeter of the frame. The tether 1060 has a clamp 1040 (in this case a v-shaped clamp) that contains two conductive contact points 1050, 1051 for providing power to the lens once the tether is in place. Additionally, a tilt switch 1080 may be used to break the electrical connection from one of the two conductive wires 1070, 1071 as part of a control mechanism for electro-active lenses used for, by way of example only, correcting presbyopia.

FIG. 11 illustrates a magnetic connection to the frame temple or frame stem. In this case electrical contact points 1120, 1121, within the magnetic tab 1130 on the tether 120 make electrical contact to the two bus bars 1150 1151 on the frame stem 1140. Two insulated bus bars on the frame stem may be used to prevent shorting of the power source when making contacts.

FIGS. 12A-12D illustrate yet another embodiment where the spectacles may be powered and controlled. In FIG. 12A, a power supply and/or controller 1210 is connected to a pair of spectacles via two connection points 1220, 1221 on the frame stems 1240, 1241 to cables or tethers 1230, 1231 running from the power supply/controller. The details in FIG. 12B illustrate a combination of pins 1260 and holes or receptacles 1261 in addition to magnetic contacts 1263, 1264. The side view in FIG. 12C illustrates the conductors 1267, 1268 within the tether 1231 or 1230 coming from one side of the connection point with pins, and conductors 1265 1266 within the frame stems 1240, 1241 with receptacles 1261. FIG. 12D shows, as added mechanical security, a rubber flap 1280 with an expandable small slit or hole is mounted to the tether 1230, 1231 and slides over a pin 1290 mounted on the frame stems 1240, 1241.

FIG. 13A illustrates another embodiment. In this case a visor 1310 is added to a pair of sports goggles with an optical display viewer 1250, where said viewer is used to display important information to the individual in training, in this case, the pace, the heart rate, and the distance left in the race. This allows the runner to check his critical information without having to break stride to look at a wrist-worn device as is normally done today. The controller may also include a small camera 1360, which would allow the user to view what is behind them in the optical display viewer 1250. FIG. 13B illustrates the embodiment of FIG. 13A as a clip-on device. Here the clip-on 1380 includes the micro-optical display that is powered and fed data via attachment to the frame 1370. Attachment may be via any of the methods described herein.

FIGS. 14A-14G illustrate embodiments where any electronic lens, by way of example only, an optically variable and/or focusing lens as is the case of an electro-active, electro-fluid, electro-pressure, electro-mechanically moving lens system, and also that of an electro-chromic tinted lens, etc.) may be snapped over or clipped onto the front of a conventional pair of lenses 1430 that may contain the patient's conventional distance Rx. This can be accomplished by either affixing the electronic clip-ons to the lenses 1430 or to the frames 1420. Since the distance Rx will take into consideration any astigmatic correction, the placement of the electronic lens, such as by example only, an electro-active focusing optic, can be more forgiving regarding its orientation within the frame. Such an electro-active lens is described in the following patents U.S. Pat. No. 6,491,391, U.S. Pat. No. 6491,394, U.S. Pat. No. 6,517,203, U.S. Pat. No. 6,619,799, U.S. Pat. No. 6,733,130 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,857,741. Moreover, this would greatly reduce the complexity of providing electro-active focusing correction where both the distance and near correction are required.

By decoupling the fixed lens from the electro-active lens, an electro-active focusing lens product could be offered with far fewer SKUs. In fact, the invention anticipates having a limited line of electro-active focusing electronic clip-ons that have preset decentrations. By way of example only, the electronic clip-ons could be available with near vision inter-pupillary measurements of 63 mm, 60 mm and 57 mm, as shown in FIGS. 14D-14F. The proper clip-on would be selected depending upon the patient's near vision inter-pupillary measurement. Until the electro-active lenses are activated by electricity, there is no near optical power and therefore, the base conventional lens 1430 contained within the eye glass frames 1420 provides the patient's distance vision/inter-pupillary measurement set within the eyewear 1420 and functions properly for distance vision. However, when the electronic clip-ons now become activated, the electro-active lenses focus for intermediate or near vision. The resulting inter-pupillary measurement then becomes the selected electronic clip-on having a preset inter-pupillary measurement. In this manner the optician may order the appropriate decentration for the optics within the electronic clip-on based on his measurement of the patient's inter-pupillary distance.

While the above discussion was directed to electro-active focusing near and intermediate lenses, it should be pointed out that the invention contemplates electro-active lenses that are full or partial pixellated lens(es), full or partial diffractive lens(es) or a combination of both. In addition, the invention contemplates the electronic clip-ons or electronic snap-ons that house an electroactive lens or lenses that corrects for only higher order aberrations. The electronic or electronic-snap on would be used to allow the patient to see better than 20/20, perhaps better than 20/10 by correcting his or her higher order aberrations. In this case, the inter-pupillary measurement would be set for one's distance vision needs. This proper inter-pupillary measurement would be properly established by way of the location of the higher order aberration correction location within each clip-on tens. It should be pointed out that in this inventive embodiment the clip-on correcting the patient's higher order aberration(s) can be that of either a fixed static non-electronic tens or that of an electronic pixelated lens.

The power source and/or controller 1450 is attached to the electrifiable frame temple 1410 in any of the manners described herein. The electronic snap-on or electronic clip-on device 1460 containing the electro-active elements 1470 is slightly over-sized to that of frame 1420 so that the side of the conventional lens is covered from view by a person looking at the side of the frame. FIG. 14B illustrates the snap-on device 1460 in place over the frame with at least one electrical contact 1490 being made from the frame to the electro-active element 1470 within the snap-on device 1460. The connection to the frame may also be done with magnets. These magnets can be contained within the frame 1420 and/or in the electronic clip-on 1460. The magnets can be positioned to attach the electronic clip-on 1.460 to the frame 1420 either at the top, bottom, front, middle, sides or any place on the frame 1420 or the electronic clip-on 1460.

FIGS. 14C-14D further illustrate the inventive embodiment of using an electronic clip-on that attaches to an electronic conducting frame to power electro-active lenses 1488 and 1489. A pair of spectacles 1481 designed to be used with a pair of electronic clip-on lenses 1485 is shown. In this case, the electronic frame may include a power source 1482 located anywhere on the electronic frame.

Connection points 1483, 1484 that are either mechanical of magnetic are located on the electronic frame 1481. The electronic clip-on lenses 1485 also include connection points 1486 and 1487 similar to the ones on the electronic frame. The electronic clip-on lenses may include electro-active lenses 1488, 1489 for electronic focusing to supplement the focusing power of the fixed lenses 1495, 1496 located in the electronic frame 1481. In other inventive embodiments, the electronic lenses may be electro-chromic lenses that create a variable, electronically-controlled tint or a combination of an electro-chromic tint and electro-active focusing lenses to either correction higher order aberrations, provide presbyopia correction, or focus for conventional needs, for that matter.

The details in FIG. 14G illustrate two possible electrical connections using magnetic physical attachment means. In one case a single magnet 1490 is placed in the connection point and a positive 1491 and a negative 1492 electrical terminal connection are placed inside the magnet 1490. The same configuration would be used on both the electronic frame 1481 and electronic clip-on lenses 1485. Alternatively, since most magnetic material can also be electrically conductive, the physical connection can be done with a split magnet, where one half-of-the magnet 1493 forms the positive electrical terminal 1493 and the other half 1494 forms the negative electrical terminal. In this case, the half-magnets would need to be electrically insulated from each other. While FIGS. 14A-14G illustrate what amount to essentially temporary attachment of electrically activated lenses, the electronic clip-ons could be permanently affixed to the frame by any number of methods including adhesive bonding, for example.

FIG. 15 illustrates an inventive electronic chain 1510 that could be worn by women in association with electronic reading glasses. In this case, in addition to loops 1520 and 1521 to connect the chain to the frame, this chain has multiple decorative beads 1540 thru 1547, any of which may comprise a power source for powering an electro-active spectacle. The shape and design of the decorative beads or jewelry is such to hide the power source that is contained within. Magnets 1530, 1531 may be used to establish electrical connection as described earlier, or other mechanical connections as described herein may also be employed.

FIG. 16 illustrates an electronic chain with a pair of electronic reading glasses 1260 that may include electro-active lens functions. The electronic reading glasses in this case may be worn behind the head 1610 when not in use. In this inventive embodiment a power source/controller 1630 designed to look like a decorative locket or any other piece of jewelry may be placed in front of the wearer 1640 when the glasses are not required. In this manner the wearer can have a decorative necklace when reading glasses are not required. Further, if the reading glasses have electrical functionality, then the power and/or control is available.

FIGS. 17A-17D illustrate embodiments whereby small earplug speakers 1730 and 1731 are connected to an electrical tether containing audio signals from a music player or other audio device 1710 via slides 1720 and 1721. Details in FIG. 17B and 17C illustrate alternative center attachments to those -currently used in the art. FIG. 17D illustrate- a charger shaped like-a human nose, that can be used to charge the battery for the controller stored in the enclosure on the tether. By plugging both or either end of center connections into the nose shaped charger the battery can be recharged. This would eliminate the need for charging electronics in the controller that is worn behind the neck. It should be pointed out that the invention contemplates the audio device 1710 being that of, by way of example only, an Apple iPod®, MP3 player, Audio Cassette, Satellite Radio, conventional radio, pager, cell phone transceiver, micro-DVD or digital video file player, video transceiver, etc.

FIG. 18 illustrates an alternative inventive method of breaking the connection in the device described in FIG. 17. In this case the connection is done on one side of the electronic spectacle frame with either magnets 1820 as shown in FIG. 18B, or with a pin 1840 and a receptacle 1830 as shown in FIG. 18C.

FIGS. 19A and 19B illustrate additional attachment embodiments. In FIG. 19A, a single connection point is made with a pin on one side of the front of the spectacles. In this case, it can be on the front, back, side, top, or bottom. However as shown in FIG. 19A, the preferred attachment in this embodiment is on the bottom of the electronic eyewear. In FIG. 19B the electronic frame is shown where connections like the ones illustrated in FIGS. 18 and 19A may be made on both sides of the front of the spectacles.

FIG. 20 illustrates further embodiments similar to that described in FIG. 17, whereby the connection point 1950 is in the back of the device as opposed to the bridge of the spectacles. It should be pointed out that in each of these cases of FIGS. 17A-17D, 18, 19A, 1913, and 20, the manner in which the electronic connection is made can allow for charging, and can allow for an easy manner of putting on and taking of the inventive electronic eyewear disclosed herein.

FIG. 20 illustrates an embodiment whereby a housing 2010 is used to store extra audio cable 2030 for the earplug 2020 on a spring loaded spool 2040. In this manner the length of the audio cable can be adjusted for different users. Moreover, this would also allow the wearer to still use the audio features of the invention while not wearing their electronic eyewear on their face, for example, when they are just letting the electronic eyewear hang over their neck.

FIG. 21 illustrates an inventive embodiment whereby power and/or audio signals may be sent down the inside wall of an electronic frame stem or temple 2100. Two electronic conductive buses or wires 2110 and 2120 run along the inside wall of the electronic frame stem or temple 2100. A magnetic or metal strip capable of magnetic attraction 2120 runs down between the two buses. In this manner, power or audio can be provided to a device connected to the electronic frame stem or temple. As an alternative to magnetic connection, a track system similar to track lighting may also be used to secure attached devices to the electronic frame stem or temple. This method of electrical connection and mechanical connection may also be used on the electronic chains and electronic tethers described in the present invention.

FIG. 22 illustrates an inventive embodiment where a small fan 2210 is placed in the bridge 2220 of an electronic frame to blow cool air over the inside surfaces of the lenses 2231 and 2230 to prevent fogging during sports activities. To date most efforts to mitigate fogging have be marginal. While there are antifogging solutions that can be applied to the lens surface, depending upon the level of activity, the fit of the eyewear, and the ambient temperature when the glasses are worn, lenses still fog and thus create visual problems for wearers. Since electrical power will be available with the present inventive eyewear described herein, an electrically powered fan would solve the fogging problem very effectively. In this case the air flow is directed by the design of the frames bridge to flow to the fog affected areas of the lens. In most cases this area is the most nasal, inside, sections of the lens. The invention anticipates external deflectors and internal channels that direct the air from the fan. Alternatively transparent conductive heating elements fashioned from a transparent conductive layer, such as, by way of example only, ITO or conductive polymer, may be placed in the lens and could be used to drive fog off the lenses in conditions where fogging is likely to occur.

FIG. 23 illustrates a self-contained electronic clip-on or electronic snap-on that may be used in spectacles or sports goggles. In this inventive embodiment the electronic clip-on would include a power supply. Controller 2310 in the center portion of the clip 2320 for controlling and powering the electro-active elements 2331 and 2330. In this inventive embodiment, the self-contained electronic clip-on can be used not only to power the electronic lenses contained within the electronic clip-on but also that of other electronic features contained within the electronic frames or the inventive self contained electronic clip-on can be used to solely power the electronic lenses, by way of example only, electro-active focusing lenses or electro-chromic lenses that are housed within the electronic clip-on.

It should be pointed out that nearly all the inventive embodiments described herein can be made to work with rimmed frames, rimless frames, hinged temples, and hingeless temples. Also, the present invention described herein could also be used with Clic Goggles™ that utilize non-electronic eyewear that joins together at the frame bridge to form a frame from two separate eyewear pieces that are connected by way of a tether in the back. This tether secures the Clic Goggle eyewear to ones head after the two eyepieces are attached at the bridge. Additionally, the present invention includes electronic and non- electronic connections made by magnetic means, mechanical means, utilizing pins and friction fits and other physical connection techniques, including the combination of magnetic and mechanical connections.

FIG. 24 illustrates an inventive embodiment whereby a pair of spectacles 2400 similar to the branded Clic™ spectacles is redesigned to provide power to electronic lenses, by way of example only, electro-chromic sunglasses, electroactive focusing lenses, or electro-active super-vision lenses that correct for higher order aberrations. In this embodiment, a power source, by way of example only, a battery, fuel cell, solar panel) is placed in an enclosure 2410 that is attached to the back portion of the electronic frame tether 2430. The power can be turned on or off with a small switch 2420 on the enclosure. Two pairs of conductors 2440 and 2441 extend from the power source inside the enclosure 2410 to provide power to whatever type of electronic lens is placed in the front portion of the electronic frame 2431.

The electronic stem or temple on the front portion of the electronic frame 2431 is sized to fit into the stem on the back portion of the electronic frame tether 2430. In the Clic™ product, the stems or temples on the front portion of the frame are solid plastic. In the present invention, these stems or temples become electrical stems or temples and need to be either hollow to allow for the conductors 2440 and 2441 to be extended down to the lenses, or electronic connections can be applied to the external surface of the stems or temples as taught in FIG. 3.

The conductive pairs may be as long as the fully extended length of the electronic frame stems or temples and may be flexible so that they do not break or crack when the front stems are pushed all the way into the back electronic frame stems or temples. A similar set of mechanical locks (not shown) can be placed in the electronic frame sterns or temples to hold the position of the front frame stems or temple sections to that of the back frame sterns or temples sections. The present invention may join together at the bridge of the nose with any number of methods described herein, including magnets 2450 and 2451.

Utilizing the inventive embodiment allows for a continuous end-to-end electrical circuit that is never disconnected when the electronic eyewear is taken off and decoupled. In this inventive embodiment, the electrical connection to either the speakers, the electronic lenses or the electronic clip-ons remains intact. When utilizing a product where the connection is in the front eyewear bridge, two monocular electronic clip-ons may be used. In this case, each monocular electronic clip-on is applied separately so that it is possible to decouple the eyewear in the bridge without having to take off the clip-on first. However in still other embodiments, a one piece binocular electronic clip-on is used and when this occurs the binocular clip-on may he removed prior to decoupling the eyewear.

FIG. 25 illustrates yet another inventive embodiment whereby an electronic device 2510 is placed on the back portion of the electronic frame tether 2430. Types of devices that may be placed on the back of the electronic frame tether include, by way of example only, an MP3 player like the Apple iPod®, a small terrestrial radio, a small satellite radio, or a small cell phone or paging device. Small buttons 2530, 2531 and 2532 may be placed on the outside of the electronic device to control it. For example, one button might change the volume of the sound sent to each earplugs 2520 and 2521 attached to the electronic device through the electronic frame sterns or temples. Other buttons could be used to change the track that is being played on an audio device. Any number of functions may be addressed via numerous buttons placed on the outside of the electronic device 2510. In the case where the small electronic device is a cell phone, the earplugs could be fitted with microphones (not shown) to allow the user to send talk into the cell phone. In-ear, microphones are well known in the cell phone accessory art. Also, in the case of a cell phone, it would be advantageous to use voice recognition to perform dialing and other functions normally done on a keypad, since the cell phone will be behind the users head in the present invention.

FIG. 26A illustrates an inventive embodiment whereby two small lights 2610 and 2611 are placed near the front of the frame close to the lenses to provide reading light in dark places such as restaurants. This is particularly important for wearers who suffer from presbyopia. The lights would be powered by the power sources described in the discussion of FIG. 24. Attachment of the conductive pairs to the light sources could be done with any of the methods described above, including simply soldering the wires to the two terminals of the light source. Light sources may include by way of example only, small incandescent light bulbs or LEDs (preferably white). It should be pointed out that the battery or power source can be also placed anywhere in the electronic eyewear so long as it makes the proper electrical connection with the light source. One preferred eyewear style utilized with the inventive lights would be that of electronic readers or reading glasses. However, this inventive application can be utilized for all kinds of electronic eyewear.

FIG. 26B illustrates a similar inventive embodiment as FIG. 26A except in this embodiment, the light sources 2610, 2611 are powered by small batteries 2690, 2691 placed in the front portion of the frame stems.

FIG. 27A illustrates an inventive electronic docking station 2710 placed on the back portion of the electronic frame tether 2720. The electronic docking station includes at least one pair of power terminal contacts 2730, and at least one audio (stereo or mono) or video connection port 2740. The electronic docking station also has a charging port 2750 where a standard charger could be connected for recharging the power source located in either the electronic docking station, or the electronic device 2705 that is to be placed in said electronic docking station or both.

While the electronic docking station in this inventive embodiment was located on the back portion of the frame tether, the docking station might also be located anywhere that makes sense on the frame, for example on the frame stem or temple. Once again it should be pointed out that any electronic audio and/or video device can be fabricated to function within the electronic docking station. These could be, by way of example only, an Apple iPod®, MP3 player, tape cassette, satellite radio, conventional radio, pager, cell phone transceiver, microDVD or video file player, video transceiver, etc.

FIG. 27B illustrates a possible wiring diagram for the docking station shown in FIG. 27A. In FIG. 27B, a shielded or unshielded wire 2770 provides audio signal to the right earplug, while wire 2771 provides audio for the left earplug. Please note that the audio ground/shield wires were not shown for simplicity of illustration; however, proper grounding and shielding of audio signal wires is well known by those normally skilled in the audio art. Wires 2773 and 2774 provide power out to right lens, while wires 2775 and 2776 provide power out to the left lens. Wires 2777 and 2778 provide connection to the power terminals 2730 to the charging port 2750. In this case, power is provided by the power source on the docked electronic device. Alternatively, power could be provided by a power source on the docking station, which would result in a slightly different wiring arrangement.

FIG. 28 illustrates an inventive embodiment whereby the back of the electronic frame tether 2810 forms a T shape. At the bottom of the T shape, a connection point 2850 is available for attaching the electronic device 2805 to the electronic frame tether electrically and mechanically. A pouch 2840 is also attached to the bottom of the T to support the electronic device 2805. A strip of Velcro™ or double-sided tape (not shown) may be placed on the front side of the pouch so that the pouch and the electronic device enclosed therein may be affixed to the back of the wearer's shirt, thus removing any pull or heaviness of the device being hung on the electronic frame tether. Also as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a clip may be used to affix the pouch to the clothing being worn.

FIG. 29 illustrates an inventive embodiment where the electronic device 2910 attached to the back of the electronic frame tether may be controlled with a handheld remote controller 2950 that can be held in the wearers hand. This would allow the user o control the electronic device without having to reach behind his or her head. This device may communicate via any number of known shortrange wireless technologies including, but not limited to, blue tooth, WiFi, or 802.11 protocol. The hand-held remote controller 2950 may include a small display 2960 to provide information regarding the status of the electronic device on the electronic frame tether. The communication between the hand held remote controller and the electronic device may be one-way or two-way depending upon the nature of the electronic device. In the case of one-way communication, it is most likely that the hand-held controller would contain a transmitter and the electronic device would contain only a receiver. In the case of two-way communication, both devices would have either a transceiver or a transmitter and a receiver.

FIG. 30 illustrates another inventive embodiment for remote control and/or communication with the electronic device 2910 placed on the back of the electronic frame tether 2920. In this case, the remote control device is that of an electronic wristwatch 3050 that not only acts as time-piece, but also functions as an effective means of controlling the electronic device 2910. It would work in a similar fashion as described above, except it would have the added advantage of being worn on the wrist. This would be particularly important for sports goggle applications where the wearer is likely to be a runner or a jogger. Once again, it should be pointed out that the device 2910 can be by way of example only, any audio and or video device such as an Apple I iPod®, MP3 player, cassette, satellite radio, conventional radio, pager, cell phone transceiver, micro DVD player, etc.

FIG. 31A illustrates another embodiment for remote control and/or communication with the electronic camera or video camera 3110 placed on the back of the frame tether. This case the remote control device is a wristwatch 3150 that allows the wearer to snap photographs or to take videos of whatever he or she is looking at. A fiber optic bundle 1420 in the frame stem 1430 would pipe an image to the camera 3110 that was focused into the bundle by an external camera lens 3140. In this manner, a person could walk about and never need to reach into their pocket or pocket book to find their camera. It should be pointed out that the camera lens 3140 can be located anywhere on the electronic eyewear including the electronic tether. Also, multiple camera lenses could be used with a still camera or a video camera. Finally, the electronic camera or video could be utilized within the electronic clip-on described earlier this disclosure.

FIG. 31B illustrates an embodiment whereby the video or still camera 3160 is located directly on the front of the frame or lens, and the video signal travels down a video cable or a data bus 3170 back to the controller for storage.

FIG. 32 shows yet another inventive embodiment of the invention. In this invention the electronic dip-on or snap-on 3210 houses a heads up display 3230. The heads up display can be that of a partial or full VGA or other available format. In the case of the preferred embodiment, a partial VGA display is utilized. In this case, when the electronic clip-on is applied to the electronic eyewear it will enable the micro-optical display housed within or on the electronic clip-on. Published patent application WO 01/06298 A1, incorporated here by reference, teaches a micro-optical display utilized with eyewear. The inventive electronic clip-on contained herein allows for a much more simplified way to position the micro-optical display within in the line of sight and also to electrically enable the micro-optical display. It should be pointed out that such a micro-optical display can be utilized with or without any electronic lens housed within the electronic clip-on. A clip on with magnetic attachment is illustrated in FIGS. 32B and 32C.

In certain other inventive embodiments, a mirror optical splitter is included within the lens housed by the clip-on and an optical image is directed through the lens house within the clip-on where it optically communicates with the optical splitter housed within the lens. In this case the clip-on allows for a virtual image to appear as if it is floating in space in front of the wearer.

FIGS. 33A thru 33D show how the inventive electronic clip-on or electronic snap-on 3230 can remain connected at the top of the electronic eyewear 3310 to which it is attached but rotate up horizontally or pivot out of the way, using a hinge or pivot 3350 attached to a clip 3340. In this case, when wearing the inventive embodiment contained within FIG. 33B of a heads up display, the display can be positioned out of the way when it is not being utilized. Also as shown in FIGS. 33C and 33D, the inventive electronic clip can house a camera which can be positioned out of the way when not being utilized.

FIG. 34 illustrates clip-ons or snap-ons that are attached as monocular. In this case, monocular clip-ons 3430 and 3440 are attached to the right 3420 and left 3410 side of the split frame. In practice however, such a design could be used on a frame that did not break or separate at the nose bridge. Attachment in either case can be mechanical, magnetic, or a combination of the two. FIG. 35 illustrates a clip on visor outfitted with a micro-optical display and associated viewing optics.

FIG. 36A illustrates an inventive embodiment wherein a Sunblade™ type visor 3620 is fitted with a micro-optical display and associated viewing optics 3630 and attached to a frame about a pivot point 3650. The illustration in FIG. 36A is that of the visor in the up position allowing the user to look straight ahead without having their view obscured by the visor and or the micro-optical display and/or the visor. FIG. 36B illustrates the visor in the down position allowing the wearer to look through the viewing optics to see the micro-optical display. FIG. 36C illustrates a side view of three different positions for the visor as worn by the user.

FIG. 37 illustrates the use of two micro-optical displays and associated viewing optics 3720 and 3730 for producing 3D viewing by the wearer. Since each eye will be positioned in front of ifs own micro-optical display, there will be no need to worry about isolating left eye and right eye images provided by the video player 3710 in producing a 3D effect for the user.

FIG. 38A illustrates another inventive embodiment of the present invention. The details of a break-away magnetic hinge with electrical contacts are shown. The frame 3810 which would house the electro-active eyewear contains two magnets 3820 and 3821 that are electrically isolated from one another with an insulating ring or cylinder 3830. Contact points 3822 and 3823 are made on or within each magnet to provide contact to the wires 3824 and 3825 that power the electroactive lens that resides in the frame (frame side for patient's right eye illustrated in the figure). The temple side of the frame 3840 includes contact points 3841 and 3842 to metallic and or magnetic surfaces 3843 and 3844, which are also electrically insulated from one another with an insulating ring 3850. The two contact points 3841 and 3842 provide electrical contact to the wires 3845 and 3846 that run up the frame stem to the power supply and/or controller attached to the back of the frame tether.

This inventive embodiment allows one to make electrical connections through a frame hinge without actually running wires through the frame hinge. It also allows one to break the frame from the temple to place the frame and frame tether over one's head. In practice the break-away magnetic frame hinge can be placed on both sides of the frame or on just one side of the frame. In the cases where the break-away magnetic frame hinge is used on just one side of the frame, the other side of the frame may include a conventional frame hinge or no frame hinge. While the break-away magnetic frame hinge has been illustrated with electrical connectivity, it is understood that the break-away magnetic frame hinge may be used for non-powered lenses and as such would only require a single magnet on either frame or temple (or both sides) of the frame hinge. Alternatively the electrical connections could be made without using the magnets as electrical contacts. In this case a single magnet on either the frame or temple side of the hinge could be used as long as the electrical contacts are properly insulated from one another.

It is should be noted that the invention contemplates the placement of the magnet on the temple and the metal hinge piece on the frame front as shown in FIG. 38A.

FIG. 38B illustrates an embodiment wherein, the cylinder shaped magnet 3875 is placed on the frame stem temple 3840 instead of the frame 3810. In this case, a hollow cylinder 3870 with an internal metallic surface that is attracted to the cylinder shaped magnet 3875 is placed on the frame. This is also illustrated without electrical conductive wires, since applications for such a breakaway frame hinge exist where no electrical power is used. It should be pointed out that both the cylinder shaped magnet 3875 and hollow cylinder may be made of magnetic materials; or only one piece need be magnetic as long as the other is made from a metal that can be magnetized and thus attracted by a magnet, for example ferrous metals, such steel or iron.

In another inventive embodiment of the invention, an electronic tether is used in association with a frame having two breakaway magnetic hinges, one for each side of the frame front. In this embodiment the magnets are located on the breakaway stems and the electronic tether is connected to the rear of each stem. It should be pointed out that the magnet breakaway hinge could be used for electronic eyewear or non-electronic eyewear. Also, those active individuals such as athletes and children will benefit greatly by having eyewear with breakaway hinges. Further, this inventive embodiment solves a nuisance that has been prevalent within the optical industry for decades, that being hinge screws that come loose or fall out.

The inventive embodiment solves this historical problem by doing away with the hinge screw and replacing it with a magnet. While the preferred shape of the magnet is that of cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 38A, it could be of any shape that would provide the functionality that is needed. This inventive embodiment allows for the wearer to simply detach the frame front from their eyewear and then connect the two stems containing magnets together, forming a necklace with a magnetic closure. This can be done while maintaining the functionality of the electronic tether. In other words, while the electronic tether and stems are connected by the magnetic closure, the electronic tether plus the stems become a necklace and can be used to play audio to the wearer. By way of example only, the MP3 player could remain functioning and using the adjustable ear speakers or ear phones as shown in FIG. 20A it is possible to simply adjust for more speaker wire and thus utilize speakers in each ear while wearing the magnetically closed necklace. It should be pointed out that that the magnets can be used in any manner to accomplish this embodiment. By way of example only, a single hinge magnet can be used on each stem or one hinge magnet can be used on the stem and one on the opposite frame front where the other hinge connects, etc. It is further contemplated that the two magnetic ends of the tether can be attached to an independent locket that would be attachable and detachable to each of the two magnetic ends thus dressing up the necklace.

Finally, it should be pointed out that the structure to which the magnet of a magnetic hinge is attracted or attached to can be of any shape to provide the proper functionality. By way of example only, it can be an open cylinder (see FIG. 38A, open cylinder 3844 and FIG. 38B, 3870), a closed cylinder having both ends open, one open and the other closed. The magnet can be housed within a structure to hide or dress up the magnet. The structure, by way of example only, could simply be a metal facade that is around the magnet, thus hiding the magnet but allowing the the magnetic affect to still contribute the proper functionality needed for a magnetic hinge.

FIG. 39 illustrate an inventive embodiment that allows the wearer to use the electrified tether with the integrated audio player 3910 as a fashion accessory when his or her eyewear is not needed. In FIG. 39 the spectacle frame 3920 with lenses are removed and placed in a pouch or case (not shown). A decorative pendant, broach, or necklace element 3930 is then attached to the two ends of the tether that were once connected to the spectacle frame. In this manner the wearer may continue to use the audio device while not using their spectacles. In the case of FIG. 39 the two ends of the tether are connected by magnets 3950 and 3960 to the spectacle frame via magnets 3955 and 3965, and to the decorative pendant via magnets 3970 and 3975. However, the invention anticipates any type of satisfactory closure means, such means are well known in the art.

FIG. 40 illustrates an additional embodiment where a pair of micro-optical displays 4010 and 4020 are placed within a visor on a pair of spectacles. In this case, the micro-optical displays are placed mostly in the back of the visor and the front of the micro-optical displays are nearly flush with the front surface of the visor, closest to the wearer. Also FIG. 40 shows the embodiment with a integrated MPG3 player and earplugs 4030 and 4040.

While the inventors have illustrated many specific examples of how to provide power and/or drive signals to an electrically activated lens using an electronic tether or an electrified frame, it is understood that other methods may be contemplated by those ordinarily skilled in the art. Such additional methods or designs are considered within the scope and spirit of the present invention. It is also understood that the various features, while shown in separate illustrations, could be used in any number of combinations and still be within the scope of the present invention.

In some embodiments, while electro-active lens may be used to provide vision correction as described in the present invention, the electro-active lens may also be used to provide a sunglass or tinting effect electro-actively. By using special liquid crystal layers or other electro-chromic materials, the electro-active lens of the present invention can reduce the amount of light that hits the retina when the light levels in the environment become uncomfortably high, or reach a level that can be dangerous to the eye. The sunglass effect may be triggered automatically when a light sensor built into the lens receives an intensity of light beyond some threshold level. Alternately, the sunglass effect may be switched remotely by the user using a wireless communication device couple to the control circuitry in the lens. This electro-actice sunglass effect may occur in milliseconds or less, in contrast to the relatively slow reaction time of seconds (or more) for commercial photosensitive chemical tints in conventional lenses. One factor in determining the reaction time of electro-active lenses is the thinness of the liquid crystal layer. For example, a 5 micron layer of liquid crystal may react in milliseconds.

Similarly, the focusing of the electro-active elements may be performed automatically by using a range finder, or a tilt meter (near distance when looking down, far distance when looking straight), or may be controlled remotely by the use a wireless communication device.

There are a number of electro-chromic materials. One type consists of transparent outside layers of electrically conductive film that has inner layers which allow the exchange of ions. When a voltage is applied across the outer conductive layers, ions move from one inner layer to another, causing a change in tinting of the electro chromic material. Reversing the voltage causes the layer to become clear again. The electro-chromic layers can have variable light transmittance during operation, from about 5 to 80 percent. This type of electro chromic glazing has “memory” and does not need constant voltage after the change has been initiated. Further, it can be tuned to block certain wavelengths, such as infrared (heat) energy.

Another electro-chromic technology is called suspended particle display (SPD). This material contains molecular particles suspended in a solution between the plates of glass. In their natural state, the particles move randomly and collide, blocking the direct passage of light. When switched on, the particles align rapidly and the glazing becomes transparent. This type of switchable glazing can block up to about 90 percent of light. Also liquid crystal has been used to provide electro-chromic effects in sunglasses.

The systems and methods, as disclosed herein, are directed to the problems stated above, as well as other problems that are present in conventional techniques. Any description of various products, methods, or apparatus and their attendant disadvantages described in the “Background of the Invention” is in no way intended to limit the scope of the invention, or to imply that invention does not include some or all of the various elements of known products, methods and apparatus in one form or another. Indeed, various embodiments of the invention may be capable of overcoming some of the disadvantages noted in the “Background of the Invention,” while still retaining some or all of the various elements of known products, methods, and apparatus in one form or another. 

1-21. (canceled)
 22. Eyewear comprising: a frame; a visor attached to the frame; and an electronic display, wherein the electronic display is housed in the visor.
 23. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein said visor is configured to be positioned in multiple positions relative to the pupil of a wearer's eye.
 24. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein said visor is configured to be adjustably positioned so that the electronic display may be transitioned between positions within the line of sight of the wearer and out of the line of sight of the wearer.
 25. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein the electronic display is a partial VGA.
 26. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein the electronic display is a full VGA.
 27. The eyewear of claim 22, further comprising a light.
 28. The eyewear of claim 27, wherein the light is an LED.
 29. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein the electronic display is configured to be controlled by a remote controller.
 30. The eyewear of claim 29, wherein the remote controller comprises a display.
 31. The eyewear of claim 29, wherein the remote controller is a wrist watch.
 32. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein the eyewear is configured to separate at a bridge of the eyewear.
 33. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein the electronic display is monocular.
 34. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein the electronic display is binocular.
 35. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein the eyewear includes mono audio.
 36. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein the eyewear includes stereo audio.
 37. The eyewear of claim 22, further comprising a lens, wherein the lens is at least one of: conventional, electro-active, electro-chromic, electro-fluid, electro-mechanical, and optically variable.
 38. The eyewear of claim 22, further comprising an earbud.
 39. The eyewear of claim 38, wherein the earbud is affixed to an audio cable and the audio cable is loaded on a spring loaded spool of the eyewear.
 40. The eyewear of claim 22, further comprising a video file player.
 41. The eyewear of claim 22, further comprising a tether, wherein the tether includes a power source.
 42. The eyewear of claim 22, wherein the electronic display is a heads up display. 